The completeness of routine registration of the counterpart in deliberate interpersonal violence in an urban emergency department.

Most studies of violence from the health care system lack reliable information about the counterpart, which is important for distinguishing between different types of violence. Since 2014, the emergency department at Odense University Hospital in Denmark has routinely registered information about the counterpart. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the completeness of registering information about the counterpart during routine registration of victims of interpersonal violence in the emergency department. We included 11,200 victims treated at the emergency department 2014-2021. Using the patient registration data, we estimated the proportion of missing information on the counterpart, stratified by age group and gender of the victim as well as type of incident and severity of injury. Information about the counterpart was registered in 91.5 % of all cases. In 43.1 % (CI: 42.2-44.0) of the cases, the counterpart was unknown to the victim, in 24.3 % (CI: 23.5-25.1) the counterpart was an acquaintance, in 10.5 % (CI: 10.0-11.1) the counterpart was a partner, and in 4.2 % (CI: 3.8-4.5) the counterpart was another family member. The proportion of cases with no information about the counterpart varied with gender, age group, time of violence, place of violence, weapon use, and severity of injury. Half of the victims injured with firearms (46.2 %, CI: 30.1-62.8) and one-fourth of the victims injured with knives (25.9 %, CI: 21.9-30.2) did not reveal information about the counterpart. The majority of the victims revealed information about the counterpart, making it possible to analyse different types of violence separately.

Synonymous Codon Variant Analysis for Autophagic Genes Dysregulated in Neurodegeneration.

Neurodegenerative disorders are often a culmination of the accumulation of abnormally folded proteins and defective organelles. Autophagy is a process of removing these defective proteins, organelles, and harmful substances from the body, and it works to maintain homeostasis. If autophagic removal of defective proteins has interfered, it affects neuronal health. Some of the autophagic genes are specifically found to be associated with neurodegenerative phenotypes. Non-functional, mutated, or gene copies having silent mutations, often termed synonymous variants, might explain this. However, these synonymous variant which codes for exactly similar proteins have different translation rates, stability, and gene expression profiling. Hence, it would be interesting to study the pattern of synonymous variant usage. In the study, synonymous variant usage in various transcripts of autophagic genes ATG5, ATG7, ATG8A, ATG16, and ATG17/FIP200 reported to cause neurodegeneration (if dysregulated) is studied. These genes were analyzed for their synonymous variant usage; nucleotide composition; any possible nucleotide skew in a gene; physical properties of autophagic protein including GRAVY and AROMA; hydropathicity; instability index; and frequency of acidic, basic, neutral amino acids; and gene expression level. The study will help understand various evolutionary forces acting on these genes and the possible augmentation of a gene if showing unusual behavior.

Investigating the Difference in Factors Contributing to the Likelihood of Motorcyclist Fatalities in Single Motorcycle and Multiple Vehicle Crashes.

In order to better understand the factors affecting the likelihood of motorcyclists' fatal injuries, motorcycle-involved crashes were investigated based on the involvement of the following vehicles: single motorcycle (SM), multiple motorcycles (MM) and motorcycle versus vehicle (MV) crashes. METHOD: Binary logit and mixed logit models that consider the heterogeneity of parameters were applied to identify the critical factors that increase the likelihood of motorcyclist fatality. RESULTS: Mixed logit models were found to have better fitting performances. Factors that increase the likelihood of motorcyclist fatality include lanes separated by traffic islands, male motorcyclists, and riding with BAC values of less than the legally limited value. Collisions with trees or utility poles lead to the highest likelihood of fatality in SM crashes. The effects of curved roads, same-direction swipe crashes, youth, and unlicensed motorcyclists are only significant in the likelihood of fatality in SM crashes. CONCLUSIONS: Motorcyclists tend to be killed if they collide with large engine-size motorcycles and vehicles, unlicensed motorcyclists, or drivers with speeding related or right-of-way violations with positive BAC values. Driving or riding should be prohibited for any amount of alcohol or for anyone with a positive BAC value. Law enforcement should focus on unlicensed, speeding motorcyclists and drivers, and those who violate the right of way or perform improper turns. Roadside objects and facilities should be checked for appropriate placement and be equipped with reflective devices or injury protection facilities.

Pluralities, counterparts, and groups.

I formulate a theory of groups based on pluralities and counterparts: roughly put, a group is a plurality of entities at a time. This theory comes with counterpart-theoretic semantics for modal and temporal sentences about groups. So this theory of groups is akin to the stage theory of material objects: both take the items they analyze to exist at a single time, and both use counterparts to satisfy certain conditions relating to the modal properties, temporal properties, and coincidence properties of those items.

Linha de cuidados no tratamento da asma: informações úteis para o gestor / Comprehensive care in asthma treatment: useful information for the health-care manager

Realizou-se, no dia 29 de agosto de 2020, um encontro virtual com gestores, representantes de associações de pacientes e médicos prescritores envolvidos no tratamento da asma, com o objetivo de discutir a necessidade e a viabilidade da incorporação de novas tecnologias para o tratamento dessa patologia. A asma é uma enfermidade caracterizada pela inflamação crônica das vias aéreas. É a principal causa de absenteísmo escolar e laboral e estima-se que seja responsável por até cinco mortes diárias em nosso país. Em pesquisa efetuada em operadora de autogestão, com vidas espalhadas por todo o país, observou-se que essa patologia (associada à doença pulmonar obstrutiva crônica ­ DPOC) acomete quase 7% dos seus segurados e que a utilização do plano foi, nesse grupo, 1,9x maior para consultas, 1,6x maior para exames, 2,5x maior para terapias e 2,9x maior para internações, resultando em um aumento de 25,5% nos gastos assistenciais. Observou-se que é de elevada importância que o gestor tenha um profundo conhecimento de sua carteira e que priorize toda a linha de cuidado do paciente. Dessa maneira, atuando diretamente no controle da severidade da patologia, terão os melhores resultados de qualidade de vida e restringirão os doentes que necessitarão de medicações mais modernas e, também, mais caras, com resultado óbvio no controle de custos. A asma ainda não tem, em geral, para os gestores de operadoras de saúde privadas, no Brasil, uma importância tão grande na sinistralidade das suas carteiras. Os novos imunobiológicos são úteis e efetivos e alguma contrapartida por parte do fabricante, como, por exemplo, o compartilhamento de riscos, pode ser necessária para uma incorporação desse arsenal no Rol de produtos que serão disponibilizados para os pacientes que deles necessitarem

On August 29 (2020), a virtual meeting was held with managers, representatives of patient associations and physicians involved in the treatment of asthma, in order to discuss the need and the feasibility of incorporating new technologies for the treatment of this disease. Asthma is a condition characterized by chronic inflammation of the airways. It is the main cause of school and work absenteeism and it is estimated that it is the cause of up to 5 daily deaths in our country, annually. In a survey carried out at a Health Care Plan, with patients spread across the country, it was observed that this pathology (associated with COPD) affects almost 7% of its insured persons and that the use of the plan was, in this group, 1.9x higher for consultations, 1.6x higher for exams, 2.5x higher for therapies and 2.9x higher for hospitalizations, resulting in a 25.5% increase in the global health care expenses. It was observed that it is highly important that managers have a deep knowledge of his portfolio and that they prioritize the entire process of patient care. In this way, acting directly in the control of the severity of the pathology, they will have the best quality of life results and will restrict the number of patients who will need more modern and also more expensive medications, with obvious impact on costs. Asthma still does not have, for the manager of a Private Health Operator, in Brazil, such importance in the expenses of his portfolio. The new immunobiologicals are useful, effective and some counterpart on the part of the manufacturer, such as, for example, the risk-share agreements, may be necessary for the incorporation of this into the arsenal of products that will be made available to patients that need them

Robust Necessary Optimality Conditions for Nondifferentiable Complex Fractional Programming with Uncertain Data.

In this paper, we study robust necessary optimality conditions for a nondifferentiable complex fractional programming with uncertain data. A robust counterpart of uncertain complex fractional programming is introduced in the worst-case scenario. The concept of robust optimal solution of the uncertain complex fractional programming is introduced by using robust counterpart. We give an equivalence between the optimal solutions of the robust counterpart and a minimax nonfractional parametric programming. Finally, Fritz John-type and Karush-Kuhn-Tucker-type robust necessary optimality conditions of the uncertain complex fractional programming are established under some suitable conditions.

Exploration and practice of using counterpart support resources to improve scientific research level of recipient hospitals / 中华医学科研管理杂志

Objective:Exploring the " bottle neck" factors in the scientific research management of recipient hospitals, making good use of counterpart support resources to help identifying appropriate, tailored strategies of scientific research management that might improve the research capacity of recipient hospitals.Methods:Data were collected according to questionnaire survey and on-site interview, ABC classification method were used to perform statistical analysis, and " bottleneck" factors that constraint the scientific research work of the recipient hospital were summarized.Results:" Insufficient scientific research skills and lacking of talents" and " lacking of scientific research environment and recognition" are the two most prominent factors that negatively affect the scientific research capacity building of the recipient hospitals, followed closely by " the out-dated scientific research policies and lacking support from the hospital leadership" , insufficient of research platform or resources including research funding, as well as other factors. Based on such findings, this article took the First People's Hospital of Kashgar (Guangdong counterpart support) as an example, and tried to discuss some corresponding measures on how to make good use of counterpart support resources.Conclusions:The ABC classification method were used to identify the main " bottleneck" factors, and a series of effective measures that help to making good use of counterpart support resources were explored. As a result, the efficiency of the scientific research management of the recipient hospitals, which in terms of management methods, management concepts and management models, were improved.

Dry Sliding Friction of Tool Steels and Their Comparison of Wear in Contact with ZrO2 and X46Cr13.

Tool steels are used in stamping, shearing processes, and as cutting tools due to their good mechanical properties. During their working cycle, steels are subject to aggressive conditions such as heat stress, fatigue, and wear. In this paper, three tool steels, namely X153CrMoV12, X37CrMoV5-1, and X45NiCrMo4 were selected against two types of bearing balls, ZrO2 and X46Cr1. All measurements were performed on a UMT TriboLab universal tribometric instrument under dry conditions. The main objective of the experiment was to analyze and compare tool steel wear in contact with two kinds of bearing balls with a diameter of 4.76 mm. This evaluation is focused on the hardness, surface roughness, and microstructure of all samples and on the impact of the input parameters on the resulting wear. All three types of tool steels were measured in the basic annealed state and, subsequently, in the state after hardening and tempering. Experimental results show that tool steels, belonging to high strength steels, can successfully represent wear resistant steels. The content of carbide elements, their size, and shape in the microstructure play an important role in the friction process and subsequent wear. Three types of loads were used and compared in the experiments 30, 60, and 90 N. Increasing the load results in significant degradation of the material on the sample surface. Lastly, the impact of hardness and roughness of materials on wear has also been proven. If abrasive wear occurs in the friction process, there is a greater degree of wear than that of adhesive wear. This is due to less abrasive particles, which behave like a cutting wedge and are subject to subsequent deformation strengthening due to the load increase, which adversely affects the further friction process. Analysis of the results showed that the ZrO2 ceramic ball showed significantly better wear values when compared to the X46Cr13 stainless steel ball. It also improves the values of the coefficient of friction with respect to the type of wear that occurs when the experimental materials and counterparts are in contact.

Study on industrial selection of counterpart cooperation between Jilin province and Zhejiang province in China from the perspective of low carbon.

Counterpart cooperation is a major innovative measure in China's strategy for revitalizing north-eastern China. While promoting economic progress, regional counterpart cooperation should also focus on low-carbon economy and sustainable development. Under the background of China's proposed innovative cooperation strategy, using a multi-regional input-output (MRIO) model and structural decomposition analysis (SDA), this study takes Jilin province and its counterpart Zhejiang province as an example and decomposes the change in carbon emission intensity (CEI), which is a widely used indicator to measure regional carbon emission performance. The decomposition spans the years 2007 to 2012, at the level of two provinces and departments. By comparing the factors that drive and inhibit CEI in the two provinces, it was found that the production technology effect in Jilin province primarily drove the growth in CEI, while in Zhejiang province, the opposite occurred. Second, the structural effects of agriculture and heavy industry in Jilin province accounted for the largest proportion of this change, and the pulling effect on the increase in CEI in Jilin was significantly higher than that in Zhejiang province. Third, the scale effect of agricultural demand in Zhejiang province was much higher than that in Jilin province, and the same trend was observed for the scale effect of heavy industrial exports.

Systematic analysis of concentrations of 52 elements in tumor and counterpart normal tissues of patients with non-small cell lung cancer.

BACKGROUND: Many studies have documented the abnormal concentrations of major/trace elements in serum or malignant tissues of patients, but very few works systematically tested the concentrations of elements in tumor tissues in comparison with paired adjacent normal tissues from the same patients. METHODS: Tumor and adjacent normal lung tissues were obtained from 93 patients with previously untreated NSCLC, and 43 patients whose tumor and paired normal lung tissues reached 200 mg or more were selected for measurement of the elements' concentrations using an inductively coupled plasma-atomic emission spectrometer. RESULTS: We found that the concentrations of the 52 elements varied from 0.4 ng/g tissue (Lu, Pd, and Tm) to 1 658 000 ng/g (Na), 1 951 000 ng/g (P), and 2 495 000 ng/g (K). Thirty eight of the 52 (73.1%) elements showed approximately equal concentrations in tumor and adjacent normal lung tissues of the patients. The concentrations of nine elements (K, P, Mg, Zn, Rb, Cu, Se, Cs, and Tl) in tumor samples were significantly higher than their paired normal lung tissues, and five elements (Na, Fe, Cr, Cd, and Ge) exhibited decreased concentrations in cancer samples compared to counterpart normal lung tissues. Low Fe in tumor samples was associated with smoking history, whereas low Cr was associated with histology (squamous cell carcinoma) of the patients. CONCLUSIONS: Our results demonstrate that measurement of elements' concentrations in both cancer and paired normal tissues is important to get insights into the roles of these elements in carcinogenesis, and therapeutic approaches to normalize the elements are warranted to treat NSCLCs.

Characterization of Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct with Respect to the Histopathologic Similarities to Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm.

Intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNBs) are known to show various pathologic features and biological behaviors. Recently, two categories of IPNBs have been proposed based on their histologic similarities to pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs): type 1 IPNBs, which share many features with IPMNs; and type 2 IPNBs, which are variably different from IPMNs. The four IPNB subtypes were re-evaluated with respect to these two categories. Intestinal IPNBs showing a predominantly villous growth may correspond to type 1, while those showing papillay-tubular or papillay-villous growth correspond to type 2. Regarding gastric IPNB, those with regular foveolar structures with varying numbers of pyloric glands may correspond to type 1, while those with papillary-foveolar structures with gastric immunophenotypes and complicated structures may correspond to type 2. Pancreatobiliary IPNBs that show fine ramifying branching may be categorized as type 1, while others containing many complicated structures may be categorized as type 2. Oncocytic type, which displays solid growth or irregular papillary structures, may correspond to type 2, while papillary configurations with pseudostratified oncocytic lining cells correspond to type 1. Generally, type 1 IPNBs of any subtype develop in the intrahepatic bile ducts, while type 2 IPNBs develop in the extrahepatic bile duct. These findings suggest that IPNBs arising in the intrahepatic ducts are biliary counterparts of IPMNs, while those arising in the extrahepatic ducts display differences from prototypical IPMNs. The recognition of these two categories of IPNBs with reference to IPMNs and their anatomical location along the biliary tree may deepen our understanding of IPNBs.

Characterization of Intraductal Papillary Neoplasm of the Bile Duct with Respect to the Histopathologic Similarities to Pancreatic Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasm

Intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct (IPNBs) are known to show various pathologic features and biological behaviors. Recently, two categories of IPNBs have been proposed based on their histologic similarities to pancreatic intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs): type 1 IPNBs, which share many features with IPMNs; and type 2 IPNBs, which are variably different from IPMNs. The four IPNB subtypes were re-evaluated with respect to these two categories. Intestinal IPNBs showing a predominantly villous growth may correspond to type 1, while those showing papillay-tubular or papillay-villous growth correspond to type 2. Regarding gastric IPNB, those with regular foveolar structures with varying numbers of pyloric glands may correspond to type 1, while those with papillary-foveolar structures with gastric immunophenotypes and complicated structures may correspond to type 2. Pancreatobiliary IPNBs that show fine ramifying branching may be categorized as type 1, while others containing many complicated structures may be categorized as type 2. Oncocytic type, which displays solid growth or irregular papillary structures, may correspond to type 2, while papillary configurations with pseudostratified oncocytic lining cells correspond to type 1. Generally, type 1 IPNBs of any subtype develop in the intrahepatic bile ducts, while type 2 IPNBs develop in the extrahepatic bile duct. These findings suggest that IPNBs arising in the intrahepatic ducts are biliary counterparts of IPMNs, while those arising in the extrahepatic ducts display differences from prototypical IPMNs. The recognition of these two categories of IPNBs with reference to IPMNs and their anatomical location along the biliary tree may deepen our understanding of IPNBs.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia B-Cell Normal Cellular Counterpart: Clues From a Functional Perspective.

Chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is characterized by the clonal expansion of small mature-looking CD19+ CD23+ CD5+ B-cells that accumulate in the blood, bone marrow, and lymphoid organs. To date, no consensus has been reached concerning the normal cellular counterpart of CLL B-cells and several B-cell types have been proposed. CLL B-cells have remarkable phenotypic and gene expression profile homogeneity. In recent years, the molecular and cellular biology of CLL has been enriched by seminal insights that are leading to a better understanding of the natural history of the disease. Immunophenotypic and molecular approaches (including immunoglobulin heavy-chain variable gene mutational status, transcriptional and epigenetic profiling) comparing the normal B-cell subset and CLL B-cells provide some new insights into the normal cellular counterpart. Functional characteristics (including activation requirements and propensity for plasma cell differentiation) of CLL B-cells have now been investigated for 50 years. B-cell subsets differ substantially in terms of their functional features. Analysis of shared functional characteristics may reveal similarities between normal B-cell subsets and CLL B-cells, allowing speculative assignment of a normal cellular counterpart for CLL B-cells. In this review, we summarize current data regarding peripheral B-cell differentiation and human B-cell subsets and suggest possibilities for a normal cellular counterpart based on the functional characteristics of CLL B-cells. However, a definitive normal cellular counterpart cannot be attributed on the basis of the available data. We discuss the functional characteristics required for a cell to be logically considered to be the normal counterpart of CLL B-cells.

Blood CXCR3+ CD4 T Cells Are Enriched in Inducible Replication Competent HIV in Aviremic Antiretroviral Therapy-Treated Individuals.

We recently demonstrated that lymph nodes (LNs) PD-1+/T follicular helper (Tfh) cells from antiretroviral therapy (ART)-treated HIV-infected individuals were enriched in cells containing replication competent virus. However, the distribution of cells containing inducible replication competent virus has been only partially elucidated in blood memory CD4 T-cell populations including the Tfh cell counterpart circulating in blood (cTfh). In this context, we have investigated the distribution of (1) total HIV-infected cells and (2) cells containing replication competent and infectious virus within various blood and LN memory CD4 T-cell populations of conventional antiretroviral therapy (cART)-treated HIV-infected individuals. In the present study, we show that blood CXCR3-expressing memory CD4 T cells are enriched in cells containing inducible replication competent virus and contributed the most to the total pool of cells containing replication competent and infectious virus in blood. Interestingly, subsequent proviral sequence analysis did not indicate virus compartmentalization between blood and LN CD4 T-cell populations, suggesting dynamic interchanges between the two compartments. We then investigated whether the composition of blood HIV reservoir may reflect the polarization of LN CD4 T cells at the time of reservoir seeding and showed that LN PD-1+ CD4 T cells of viremic untreated HIV-infected individuals expressed significantly higher levels of CXCR3 as compared to CCR4 and/or CCR6, suggesting that blood CXCR3-expressing CD4 T cells may originate from LN PD-1+ CD4 T cells. Taken together, these results indicate that blood CXCR3-expressing CD4 T cells represent the major blood compartment containing inducible replication competent virus in treated aviremic HIV-infected individuals.

Genomic variations in the counterpart normal controls of lung squamous cell carcinomas.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) causes approximately 400 000 deaths each year worldwide. The occurrence of LUSC is attributed to exposure to cigarette smoke, which induces the development of numerous genomic abnormalities. However, few studies have investigated the genomic variations that occur only in normal tissues that have been similarly exposed to tobacco smoke as tumor tissues. In this study, we sequenced the whole genomes of three normal lung tissue samples and their paired adjacent squamous cell carcinomas.We then called genomic variations specific to the normal lung tissues through filtering the genomic sequence of the normal lung tissues against that of the paired tumors, the reference human genome, the dbSNP138 common germline variants, and the variations derived from sequencing artifacts. To expand these observations, the whole exome sequences of 478 counterpart normal controls (CNCs) and paired LUSCs of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset were analyzed. Sixteen genomic variations were called in the three normal lung tissues. These variations were confirmed by Sanger capillary sequencing. A mean of 0.5661 exonic variations/Mb and 7.7887 altered genes per sample were identified in the CNC genome sequences of TCGA. In these CNCs, C:G→T:A transitions, which are the genomic signatures of tobacco carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, were the predominant nucleotide changes. Twenty five genes in CNCs had a variation rate that exceeded 2%, including ARSD (18.62%), MUC4 (8.79%), and RBMX (7.11%). CNC variations in CTAGE5 and USP17L7 were associated with the poor prognosis of patients with LUSC. Our results uncovered previously unreported genomic variations in CNCs, rather than LUSCs, that may be involved in the development of LUSC.

Genomic variations in the counterpart normal controls of lung squamous cell carcinomas / 医学前沿

Lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC) causes approximately 400 000 deaths each year worldwide. The occurrence of LUSC is attributed to exposure to cigarette smoke, which induces the development of numerous genomic abnormalities. However, few studies have investigated the genomic variations that occur only in normal tissues that have been similarly exposed to tobacco smoke as tumor tissues. In this study, we sequenced the whole genomes of three normal lung tissue samples and their paired adjacent squamous cell carcinomas.We then called genomic variations specific to the normal lung tissues through filtering the genomic sequence of the normal lung tissues against that of the paired tumors, the reference human genome, the dbSNP138 common germline variants, and the variations derived from sequencing artifacts. To expand these observations, the whole exome sequences of 478 counterpart normal controls (CNCs) and paired LUSCs of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) dataset were analyzed. Sixteen genomic variations were called in the three normal lung tissues. These variations were confirmed by Sanger capillary sequencing. A mean of 0.5661 exonic variations/Mb and 7.7887 altered genes per sample were identified in the CNC genome sequences of TCGA. In these CNCs, C:G→T:A transitions, which are the genomic signatures of tobacco carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, were the predominant nucleotide changes. Twenty five genes in CNCs had a variation rate that exceeded 2%, including ARSD (18.62%), MUC4 (8.79%), and RBMX (7.11%). CNC variations in CTAGE5 and USP17L7 were associated with the poor prognosis of patients with LUSC. Our results uncovered previously unreported genomic variations in CNCs, rather than LUSCs, that may be involved in the development of LUSC.

Genomic variations in paired normal controls for lung adenocarcinomas.

Somatic genomic mutations in lung adenocarcinomas (LUADs) have been extensively dissected, but whether the counterpart normal lung tissues that are exposed to ambient air or tobacco smoke as the tumor tissues do, harbor genomic variations, remains unclear. Here, the genome of normal lung tissues and paired tumors of 11 patients with LUAD were sequenced, the genome sequences of counterpart normal controls (CNCs) and tumor tissues of 513 patients were downloaded from TCGA database and analyzed. In the initial screening, genomic alterations were identified in the "normal" lung tissues and verified by Sanger capillary sequencing. In CNCs of TCGA datasets, a mean of 0.2721 exonic variations/Mb and 5.2885 altered genes per sample were uncovered. The C:G→T:A transitions, a signature of tobacco carcinogen N-methyl-N-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine, were the predominant nucleotide changes in CNCs. 16 genes had a variant rate of more than 2%, and CNC variations in MUC5B, ZXDB, PLIN4, CCDC144NL, CNTNAP3B, and CCDC180 were associated with poor prognosis whereas alterations in CHD3 and KRTAP5-5 were associated with favorable clinical outcome of the patients. This study identified the genomic alterations in CNC samples of LUADs, and further highlighted the DNA damage effect of tobacco on lung epithelial cells.

Unique Association of Multiple Seminal Vesicle Cysts with Contralateral Renal Agenesis: A Rare Variant of Zinner Syndrome.

Zinner syndrome is a rare developmental anomaly of the Wolffian (mesonephric) duct which is characterised by a triad of obstruction of the ejaculatory duct, the ipsilateral seminal vesicle cyst, and the ipsilateral renal agenesis. The aim of this case report is to emphasize the importance of radiological imaging in diagnosing the condition and to report its rare unusual variant.

Comparative study on tribological mechanisms of polyimide composites when sliding against medium carbon steel and NiCrBSi.

Tribological behaviors of various polyimide (PI) composites when rubbing with medium carbon steel (MCS35) and NiCrBSi, were comprehensively investigated. When the conventional PI composite filled with carbon fibers and graphite was concerned, the carbon-based tribofilm formed on NiCrBSi surface resulted in obvious friction- and wear-reduction. However, no lubricating tribofilm was formed on MCS35 surface. Chelation of polymeric molecular radicals with the metallic counterparts was identified on the worn surfaces. Theoretical calculations corroborated that the Ni-based metal-organic compound showed a higher stability than the Fe-based one. With respect to the sliding of the hybrid nanocomposites containing silica or h-BN nanoparticles, the nanoparticles released onto the interface significantly mitigated tribo-oxidation of metallic counterparts, and were finally tribo-sintered into a compact layer after being mixed with remnant polymer and tribo-oxidation products. The effect of counterpart material was less pronounced for the tribological mechanisms of the nanocomposites than for the conventional composite.

Achievements of urban hospitals′ support for county-level public hospitals / 中华医院管理杂志

The counterpart support by urban hospitals to rural hospitals is an important measure of the healthcare reform and health poverty alleviation, especially useful for reform of county-level public hospitals.A study of the policy development and an analysis on the development status quo of 16 county-level public hospitals following their acceptance of such support in Hunan and Hubei province, confirmed the practical significance of such counterpart support.The authors also found defects in personnel training, technology innovation and policy fine-tuning, in need of improvements.